Participle clauses are clauses based around a participle. A Participle is an "-ing" verbal idea. e.g. "running", "talking", etc.
A Participle clause may have a subject, objects and modifiers like a main sentence.
A Participle clause may function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.
Participle clause: "-ing" verbal idea that functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb. The following are examples of participle clauses fulfilling various functions in a sentence.
As a noun Throwing the ball broke the window. She heard the glass breaking.
As an adjective
Everyone playing baseball ran away.
As an Adverb
Everyone ran away, dodging the police.