The fourth step is to identify and place all dependent clauses.

Adverbial Clauses

Adverbial clauses (sometimes called subordinate clauses) are normal propositions of many types which are joined to the main sentence with a subordinating conjunction.

A subordinating conjunction is a certain type of conjunction which connects two propositions together in such a way as to make the second proposition describe the action of the first proposition. The whole of the second proposition functions like an adverb modifying the verb of the first.

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after, although, as, because, before, even if, even though, if, in order, that, once, provided that, rather than, since, so that, than, that, though, unless, until, when, whenever, where, whereas, wherever, whether, while, why, etc.
for a partial list of subordinating conjunctions:


Example:

Two sentences that are separate and unrelated:

John went to the store.

He bought some bread.

Now, notice how the second modifies the first when connected with a subordinating conjunction:

John went to the store,
before
he bought some bread.
John went to the store,
where
he bought some bread.
John went to the store,
because
he bought some bread.
John went to the store,
whenever
he bought some bread.

The bottom line is to notice that the second proposition modifies the action of the first proposition - functioning like an adverb.